A New Circuit-Level Thermal Model of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

In this paper, a new high order equivalent circuit model of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSEL) based on rate-equation is presented. This model accounts for the thermal and spatial dependence of a VCSEL's behavior. We implemented it in circuit simulation program Pspice, and replicate its typical dc, Small-signal and transient operation, including temperature-dependent light-current (LI) curves, modulation responses, and diffusive turn-off transients.