Label-free biosensing using passive radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensors

We demonstrated that passive (battery-free) radio frequency identification (RFID) devices are attractive as RFID sensors for label-free biological detection. For selective biological sensing, we employ artificial engineered aptamer bioreceptors and immobilize them onto the sensing surface of the RFID sensors. As model analytes, we have selected thrombin protein and Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and Bacillus globigii (BG) spores.