Network performance of a multi-hop quadrantbased directional routing protocol (Q-DIR) in wireless mobile ad hoc network

Routing in mobile ad hoc network (MANET) has been a subject of extensive research over the past several years. Quadrant-based directional routing protocol (Q-DIR) is a routing protocol where only nodes in the same quadrant as the destination will participate in the route discovery process. Q-DIR uses exact location of nodes based on Cartesian-coordinate system to determine the quadrant nodes are located with reference to the source and destination. Unlike other position-based routing protocols, Q-DIR only transmits route request to all nodes that are in the same quadrant as the source and destination instead of broadcasting in all direction and hence, reduces not only routing overhead in route discovery phase, but also wireless bandwidth used and flooding of packets in the network. This paper outlines the performance of a multi-hop Q-DIR in a real MANET test bed that integrate GPS-free self-positioning system with Q-AODVbis which have been developed recently as a loadable kernel module in Linux environment.