Channel-Hot-Carrier Degradation and Bias Temperature Instabilities in CMOS Inverters

The degradation of NMOS and PMOS transistors within CMOS inverters has been analyzed. Channel-hot-carrier (CHC) degradation and/or bias temperature instabilities (BTIs) are identified as aging mechanisms, and their implications at the device and circuit levels are discussed. Device- and circuit-level results have been linked using the BSIM4 SPICE model.