Stacked rectangular microstrip antenna loading a helical pin for triple band operation

A stacked rectangular MSA for triple band operation and an antenna for VICS, mobile-Wimax and ETC applications in ITS has been designed. The three resonant modes have been achieved by shorting the upper patch to the lower patch of the stacked rectangular MSA and by loading a helical pin on the lower patch conductor. The relations between three resonant frequencies for the geometry of the helical pin have been investigated. The proposed antenna is useful as the antenna for triple band operation.