Opportunities and Problems in the Electric Distribution System

An illutstrative electric service system is analyzed to show the importance of the distribution system for the benefit of those not familiar with distribution problems. The diversity factor and load factor are employed to show their effect on investment and losses. The important subject of a-c. secondary networks is discussed relative to switching, induction regulators and a-c. elevator equipments. The circumstances which make single pole switching preferable are outlined. A new, simple and effective connection of the control circuits of induction regulators to ensure stability in parallel operated circuits is described. The present status of a-c. elevator equipments is outlined with emphasis on the merits of Ward-Leonard control where high class service is required. The new translator network is analyzed at length in order to show its performance and inherent difficulties. It gives a three-phase, four-wire, 115/230-volt system which in no way effects the consumers meters or utilization. devices. The anthor's opinion is that it may be adopted on the grounds of company policy rather than on technical and engineering economic grounds. Other distribution problems are briefly mentioned. Recent developments in carrier-current control, for street lighting equipments are encouraging. Static condensers located at the load center of distribution circuits prove economical in some cases. Various automatic and remote control sectionalizing schemes are under consideration in order to restore service on feeders quickly.