In vitro and in vivo studies of electron beam evaporated titanium surfaces for orthopedic applications

Achieving stable device integration is challenging in orthopedic applications, particularly for prosthetic attachment, because of the many different hard tissue interfaces. Such osseointegrated devices undergo poor hard tissue integration caused by wear, lack of proper bone formation, and infection. The challenge with nanotextured titanium is to find a surface that prevents bacterial growth, while supporting bone cell proliferation to improve hard tissue integration. This study examined the influence of nanotextured titanium, with and without patterns, created through electron beam evaporation on bone formation and integration. In vitro and in vivo data provided data that these nanotextured surfaces improved bone growth compared to their conventional, non-nanotextured titanium surfaces.