Ray-tracing studies in a perturbed atmosphere

We report the development of a new ray-tracing simulation tool having the potential of the full characterization of a radio link through the accurate study of the propagation path of the signal from the transmitting to the receiving antennas across a perturbed atmosphere. The ray-tracing equations are solved, with controlled accuracy, in three dimensions (3D) and the propagation characteristics are obtained using various refractive index models. The launching of the rays, the atmospheric medium and its disturbances are characterized in 3D. The software evaluates the ray trajectory, beam spreading, the transmitted/received power taking account of the radiation pattern and orientation of the antennas and finally, the polarization state of the beam. The novelty in the approach stems from the use of special numerical techniques dealing with so called stiff differential equations without which no solution of the ray-tracing equations is possible. Some previously known results are presented for comparative purposes and new results are presented as well as some of the capabilities of the software.