Narrowband lumped-element microstrip filters using capacitively-loaded inductors

Coupling between microstrip resonators decreases very slowly as a function of the resonator separation. Therefore, it is difficult to realize narrowband filters (e.g., <0.1% fractional bandwidth) in reasonably sized microstrip form due to the very weak coupling values required. In this paper, we report a class of lumped-element filters that uses capacitively-loaded inductors to give frequency-dependent inductance values. A novel frequency transformation technique is used in the design process. Using this approach, filter bandwidth is determined by the inductance slope of frequency-dependent inductors, dL/d/spl omega/. Large coupling capacitance, thus small coupling element separations, can still be used in narrowband microstrip filters to keep the filter layout compact. We present a 5-pole, 0.27% bandwidth YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ high-temperature superconducting thin film microstrip prototype filter at 900 MHz, which has 1.2 dB insertion loss and 20 dB return loss. It was designed with the coupling capacitors of a 1% bandwidth filter, and then transformed to a 0.27% fractional bandwidth using an appropriate inductance slope parameter, dL/d/spl omega/. Measurement showed good agreement with theory.