CuInSe/sub 2/ cells and modules

Recent CuInSe/sub 2/ photovoltaic technology advances are discussed. 14.1% active area efficient test cells and the fabrication of monolithic integrated modules with power outputs of 112 W/m/sup 2/ on 940 cm/sup 2/ and 91.4 W/m/sup 2/ on 3900 cm/sup 2/ have been achieved. Packaged modules are stable outdoors. Studies indicate a recombination controlled junction mechanism and imply a wide CIS compositional range over which high-efficiency junctions are possible. Processing improvements already demonstrated on test cells and 940 cm/sup 2/ modules will yield 52-W, 3900-cm/sup 2/ CIS modules.<
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