Low Power Quadrature Generation using Injection-locked Ring Oscillator Divider

A low power high frequency quadrature generator is described. The circuit output frequency is locked at one-fourth of the input injection frequency and provides quadrature output signals. The circuit can be used as the first stage of a phase switching prescaler or as a divider with a divide value of two in the quadrature mixer of a transceiver. For -2dBm injection level, circuit works properly in all process corners and a temperature range of -20°C to +100°C with maximum 3GHz operation frequency while its locking range is over than 1GHz. Power consumption at maximum frequency is 528μW at the supply voltage of 1.5V