A collaboration scheme for making peer-to-peer anonymous routing resilient

Node churn is one hurdle to using peer-to-peer (P2P) networks as anonymous networks, which makes the anonymous path fragile and results in message loss and communication failures. A collaboration scheme including friendly neighbor-based incentive (FNI) and re-encryption mechanism is proposed to deal with the high node churn (changes in system membership) characteristic of unstructured P2P networks. The simple FNI mechanism is presented to encourage peers to forward other peers' queries, and establish more connections to improve the performance of P2P overlay network where only stable and well-behaved nodes can be chosen as relay nodes to prolong single path durability. The re-encryption mechanism is designed to replace those failed relay nodes and achieve routing resilience upon different node availabilities in real- world systems. The results from our security analysis and simulation show that the collaboration scheme greatly improves routing resilience and maintains low latencies and low communication overhead.