Energy Aware Routing Algorithm Based on Layered Chain in Wireless Sensor Network

Energy efficiency is a key design issue that needs to be enhanced in the wireless sensor network (WSN) to improve the lifetime of the entire network. Cluster-based and chain-based protocols reduce the total energy consumption via data aggregation, and balance energy consumption via cluster-head (CH) or leader rotation. However, most existing protocols focus on the load balance within each cluster. The energy consumption of the entire network is still unbalanced. In this paper, we propose a novel load balance and energy efficient routing algorithm (LBEERA) for efficient data gathering in WSN. LBEERA is centralized controlled by the base station (BS) and utilizes the structure of layered chain. Furthermore, an improved PEGASIS chain construction algorithm is presented for LBEERA. Our analysis and simulation results show that LBEERA achieves better load balance than several existing protocols, increases network lifetime and reduces the packet delivering delay.