Enhancement of Ferromagnetism in Laser-deposited (Zn,Mn) O Thin Films Codoped by Mg and P with p-type Conductivity

In the study, the authors reported on the appearance of room temperature ferromagnetism in (Zn,Mn)O codoped by Mg and P with p-type conduction. (Zn, Mn)O thin films codoped by Mg and P were grown on SiO
₂
/Si substrates by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method from ceramic targets. Characterization of the films was done using X-ray diffraction and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Magnetic property measurements included the coexistence of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic components, magnetic hysteresis loop for the annealed film, and saturation magnetization.