A Fully Integrated 24GHz 4-Channel Phased-Array Transceiver in 0.13μm CMOS Based on a Variable-Phase Ring Oscillator and PLL Architecture

A fully integrated 24GHz 4-channel phased-array transceiver in 0.13μm CMOS is reported. The architecture is based on a variable-phase ring oscillator in a PLL that modulates the baseband for each antenna in the TX mode and downconverts the received signal from all antennas in the RX mode without using RF mixers, signal-path phase shifters, or any power combining network. The 2.3 × 2.1 mm
²
chip achieves an array transmit EIRP > 23.8dBm, RX gain > 42dB, and can scan the beam continuously