An Electronic Energy and Average Power-Factor Meter with Controllable Nonuniform Rate

The first part of the paper describes the design of an electronic watthour meter competitive in price and performance with the electromechanical (Ferraris) type. The circuit uses only integrated circuits (IC's) and passive components in a multiplier low-pass filter voltage to frequency converter (VFC) configuration and satisfies the design criterion. The basic design is then modified to obtain an average power-factor meter.