Impedance of the Residential Power-Distribution Circuit

This paper presents measurements and analysis of the impedance of residential power-distribution circuits at frequencies from 5 to 20 kHz. These frequencies are used by systems such as distribution-line carriers which use the power distribution circuit as a communications medium. Residential impedances are determined by the distribution transformer secondary windings, entrance cables, house wiring, and electrical loads. Impedance measurements of these components and measurements at four residences are presented.