The impact of hardware on open architecture design /spl lsqb/on power systems/spl rsqb/

The introduction of high performance, low cost CPUs and workstations has affected the architecture design and philosophy of power system SCADA/EMS control systems more than any other development. In the move towards open architectures and the incorporation of these new platforms in those architectures, industry wide standards and interfaces must be adopted with an eye towards achieving the previously unattainable goals of platform independence, software portability, open extensibility and others.<
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