Bias and variance of direction-of-arrival estimates from MUSIC, MIN-NORM, and FINE

We derive variance and bias expressions of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimates for MIN-NORM and FINE. These expressions, for arbitrarily configured arrays, are valid and accurate over wide ranges of SNR and number of snapshots. Using these expressions we illustrate that both MIN-NORM and FINE have smaller estimate bias and further FINE has comparable estimate variance compared to MUSIC.<
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