The Nobeyama radioheliograph

A new 17-GHz radio interferometer dedicated for solar observations was constructed in two years at Nobeyama, Nagano. It consists of eighty-four 80-cm-diameter antennas arranged in a tee-shaped array extending 490 m in east-west and 220 m in north-south directions. Since late June of 1992, radio full-disk images of the Sun have been observed for 8 h every day. The spatial resolution is 10" and the temporal resolution is 1 s and also 50 ms for selected events. Every 10 s correlator data are synthesized into images in real time and displayed on a monitor screen. The array configuration is optimized to observe the whole Sun with high spatial and temporal resolution and a high dynamic range of images. Image quality of better than 20 dB is realized by incorporation of technical advances in hardware and software, such as (1) low-loss phase-stable optical-fiber cables for local reference signal and IF signals, (2) newly developed phase-stable local oscillators, (3) custom CMOS gate-array LSTs of 1-b quadraphase correlators for 4/spl times/4 combinations, and (4) new image processing techniques to suppress large sidelobe effects due to the solar disk and extended sources.<
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