Curvilinear and higher order 'edge' finite elements in electromagnetic field computation

A method for the systematic construction of first- and second-order edge and facet finite elements based on the nodal-based conventional elements is presented, and their use is discussed. Higher order elements are also considered. Both tetrahedral and hexahedral elements are presented. These elements are intimately related to the corresponding nodal-based elements, allowing an easy implementation in existing nodal-based finite-element computer programs. The elements constructed are then used for mode analyses in electromagnetic cavities. The solutions obtained are better than those obtained using linear elements.<
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