Symbolic and Pictorial Displays for Submarine Control

The Navy has given extensive support to the development of several different integrated display concepts for nuclear submarines. This paper describes a research program through which comparative, empirical analysis of these concepts was accomplished. The displays evaluated can be classed in two general categories—symbolic and pictorial. The pictorial contact-analog format was tested with symbolic and with pictorial or perspective quickened tracking techniques. The symbolic depth-azimuth format was tested with symbolic quickened tracking and with pictorial presentation of a predictor tracking device.