Microstrip patch antenna panel for large aperture L-band phased array

This paper describes the design and development of a large, lightweight antenna panel for an active phased array operating at L-band. The panel was developed under a JPL program of technology development for space based radar. It utilizes dual-stacked patch elements that are interconnected with a corporate feed manifold of striplines. This paper focuses on the electromagnetic design and performance of the radiating elements, with emphasis on scan performance, and also addresses mechanical and thermal aspects of the panel. The element in the array environment has a bandwidth of more than 80MHz centered at 1260MHz and is fed so that it can radiate orthogonal linear polarizations. The envisioned phased array, with a nominal aperture of 50m times 2m, is designed to scan plusmn45 degrees in azimuth and plusmn20 degrees in elevation. The panel of radiating elements has a mass density of 3.9 kg/m
²
, which represents approximately 50% of the target 8kg/m
²
total panel mass density that includes T/R modules and feed manifolds