Application of a novel parallel particle swarm optimization to the design of electromagnetic absorbers

We presented the synchronous PSO, which is inherently parallel. The parallelism of the synchronous PSO makes practical the design of complex absorbers on clusters of computers. Nonetheless, it is found that parallel PSO must incorporate a special operator not found in standard PSO to keep the population from converging suboptimally to the boundary. This synchronous PSO was applied to optimize multilayer coatings and polygonal absorbers for wide band frequency and/or wide incident range.