Effect of geomagnetic-induced-current on power grids and communication systems: a review

The authors provide an up-to-date engineering review on the effect of geomagnetic-induced-current (GIC) on power systems and apparatus. The topics dealt with are effects on power systems; static VAr compensation and harmonic distortion; mitigation of GIC in power systems; measurements and instrumentation; effect of GIC on communication systems; and strategies for developing immunity from geomagnetic disturbances in power systems and apparatus. Future research trends are considered.<
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