Formal semantics and verification for feature modeling

Research on features has received much attention in the domain engineering community. Feature modeling plays an important role in the design and implementation of complex software systems. However, the presentation and analysis of feature models are still largely informal. There is also an increasing need for methods and tools that can support automated feature model analysis. This paper presents a formal engineering approach to the specification and verification of feature models. A formal semantics for the feature modeling language is defined using first-order logic. It provides a precise and rigorous formal interpretation for the graphical notation. In addition, further validation of the semantics using the Z/EVES theorem prover is presented. Finally, we demonstrate that the consistency of a feature model and its configurations can be automatically verified by encoding the semantics into the Alloy Analyzer. A case study of the Key Word in Context (KWIC) index systems feature model is presented to illustrate the verification process.