Formal specification and verification of control software for cryptographic equipment

A description is given of the application of formal specification and verification methods to two microprocessor-based cryptographic devices: a 'smart token' system that controls access to a network of workstations, and a message authentication device implementing the ANSI X9.9 message authentication standard. Formal specification and verification were found to be practical, cost-effective tools for detecting potential security weaknesses, and helped to significantly strengthen the security of the access control system.<
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