Framework of authenticating images with close-loop feedback

Data integrity service is the assurance that data have not been altered or destroyed in an unauthorized manner during storage or transmission. The paper presents an authentication mechanism which enables minor modification (e.g., JPEG compression) on an image without altering its features. Our work takes advantage of the property of a closed-loop control system that can compensate disturbances and ensure the stability of a given parameter. To this end, closed-loop feedback is imposed on the image manipulations. Compared with the previous open-loop scheme, this new strategy provides strong authentication functionality, and guarantees the invariability of extracted features of the image at the same time.