The use of HVAC ducts for WCDMA indoor solutions

In this paper the use of in-building solutions in WCDMA/FDD is studied. In particular HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) ducts for signal distribution is studied. Measurement results from a real installation are used as input to a simulation study. In this specific installation the HVAC solution performs almost as good as a DAS (distributed antenna system), but the cost is only a fraction.