Circularly polarized microstrip fractal antennas

A miniaturized circularly polarized antenna based on the Sierpinski gasket is presented. In exchange for size reduction, minimum axial ratio and the bandwidth of this antenna are degraded. An additional new microstrip fractal antenna named the crown square antenna is also introduced and illustrated to have circular polarization when its feed location is near to the center of the antenna. We have also optimized this microstrip fractal antenna to get minimum axial ratio of 3.94 dB.