Quartz crystal oscillator classification by dipolar analysis

The dipolar method associated with a nonlinear time domain simulation program make up a powerful tool to analyze high Q-factor circuits like quartz crystal oscillators. After a brief remainder of the dipolar method, the paper will attempt to identify the main amplifier characteristics such as limitation mechanism, input and output impedances, etc. and to point out their influence on the amplifier dipolar impedance. The effect of the amplifier nonlinearities on the oscillator characteristics, as well as the particular role of the crystal parallel capacitance are particularly emphasized.