Electron mobility in dense argon gas at several temperatures

The mobility /spl mu/ of excess electrons in dense Argon gas was measured as a function of the applied electric field E and of the gas density N at several temperatures in the range 142.6 < T < 200 K, encompassing the critical temperature T/sub c/ = 150.86 K We report here measurements up to N /spl ap/ 7 nm/sup -3/, close to the critical density, N/sub c/ /spl ap/ 8.1 nm/sup -3/. At all temperatures, and up to moderately high densities, the density-normalized mobility /spl mu/N shows the usual electric field dependence in a gas with a Ramsauer-Townsend minimum due to the mainly attractive electron-atom interaction. /spl mu/N is constant and field independent for small E, shows a maximum for a reduced field E/N /spl ap/ 4 mTd, and then decreases rapidly with the field. The zero field density-normalized mobility /spl mu//sub 0/N, for all T > T/sub c/, shows the well known anomalous positive density effect, i.e., /spl mu//sub 0/N increases with increasing N. Below T,, however, /spl mu//sub 0/N does not show the expected effect, but features a broad maximum. This appears to be a crossover behavior between the positive density effect shown for T > T, and the small negative effect previously observed for T /spl ap/ 90 K However, the data at all temperatures confirm the interpretation of the anomalous density effect as being essentially due by the density-dependent quantum shift of the electron ground state kinetic energy in a disordered medium as a result of multiple scattering (MS) processes, although other MS processes influence the experimental outcome.