Development of personal authentication systems using fingerprint with smart cards and digital signature technologies

Smart cards and biometrics can be effectively combined for personal authentication over the open network. The combination is achieved as two-step authentications in which the smart card is authenticated based on a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), and the card-holder is authenticated using the template stored in the smart card based on the biometrics verification. The biometrics verification has to be executed in the card for security purposes. This paper describes that one is fingerprint verification method that can be embedded in a smart card. And the other is biometrics-based personal authentication system in which a smart card, a PKI such as an X.509 certificate, and fingerprint verification technologies are combined.