Developments in active integrated antennas

Active integrated antennas (AIAs) represent a new class of microwave and millimeter wave front-end circuitry, offering several attractive features such as compact circuit implementation, light weight, better efficiency, and multi-functionality. This is because the radiating antenna is used as a functional part of the microwave circuit. The paper presents several developments in the research area of active integrated antennas for microwave and millimeter wave front end applications.