Shuffling bits in time and frequency: an optimum interleaver for OFDM

This paper described a novel combination of OFDM with a standard convolutional code and an interleaver optimized for channels with narrowband and impulsive noise. The optimum interleaver efficiently separates error bursts that occur in the time and in the frequency domain. It can be characterized as a generalized block interleaver whose operation can be described intuitively. This design was implemented successfully in a medium voltage powerline carrier communication system.