Development of spatial temporal geographic information system and risk adaptive regional management information system - toward development of GIS based on Asian culture for disaster prevention

Through the experience of developing GIS for disaster prevention we noticed that requirements for GIS could be divided into at least 3 categories. The first type of GIS is for regional analysis and decision-making based on data integrating detailed geographical historical (temporal) information of a region to the maximum extent. This type of GIS can give solutions for federal or local government requirements. The second type of GIS is for general public use such as to use instead of a paper map. Requirement of data is mainly positions of geographic objects which are subsets of the first type of GIS data and such as service information mainly as attributes which are gathered by unspecified people and system has to be simple. The third type of GIS is for special purposed GIS such as car navigation systems of which functional requirements are almost finalized. Compactness, efficiency, and cost are important. We propose a solution which satisfies a variety of requirements of GIS by combination of non-Internet GIS and Internet/Web GIS related to realization of disaster mitigation and environment analysis. As geographic information is based on culture and way of living of each country, we believe GIS based on Asian culture has to be developed by collaborative research and development of Asian countries.