A Portable and Stealthy Inaudible Voice Attack Based on Acoustic Metamaterials

We present MetaAttack, the first approach to leverage acoustic metamaterials for inaudible attacks for voice control systems. Compared to the state-of-the-art inaudible attacks requiring complex and large speaker setups, MetaAttack achieves a longer attacking range and higher accuracy using a compact, portable device small enough to be put into a carry bag. These improvements in portability and stealth have led to the practical applicability of inaudible attacks and their adaptation to a wider range of scenarios. We demonstrate how the recent advancement in metamaterials can be utilized to design a voice attack system with carefully selected implementation parameters and commercial off-the-shelf components. We showcase that MetaAttack can be used to launch inaudible attacks for representative voice-controlled personal assistants, including Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant, XiaoAI, and Xiaoyi. The average success rate of all assistants is 76%, with a range of 8.85 m.