Beam Steering MIMO Antenna Design for Sub-6 THz Wireless Communication Systems

This study presents a novel beam-steering MIMO antenna design tailored for sub-6 THz wireless applications. The proposed system integrates a nonagon-based Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) with a graphene-enhanced microstrip patch antenna to achieve dynamic beam control and enhanced performance. The FSS, functioning as an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC), provides efficient phase manipulation and gain improvement. By optimizing the FSS height and layout, the design achieves a beam-steering range of up to 40° and a gain enhancement up to 10 dB in fully integrated configurations. Simulations validate the system’s effectiveness by demonstrating superior directivity, high efficiency, and minimal interference. This innovative approach addresses key challenges in terahertz communication systems, offering a compact, energy-efficient solution for applications such as 6G networks, urban connectivity and satellite communications.