Phase Error Characteristics of a Second-Order Phase-Lock Loop

An analytical expression for the phase error characteristics of a second-order phase-lock loop (PLL) is determined using the results of a previous nonlinear analysis. The characteristics determined are for sinusoidal FM in the absence of noise. Theoretical and experimental results are compared and are in close agreement. The theoretical results are useful as a design aid and in determining the proper parameters for the operation of a second-order PLL.