Switched-capacitor transconductance and related building blocks

A new element, the switched-capacitor transconductance, is developed and used to construct several other active switched-capacitor building blocks: amplifiers with gain defined by the ratio of capacitors, integrators, inductors, and gyrators. The element is also used to design a switched-capacitor biquad. All reported networks were fabricated with discrete components and tested. Experimental data for the biquad are given.