Design of active filters with zero passive Q-sensitivity

A new biquadratic active filter configuration is described which requires only two resistors, two capacitors, and two finite gain summing amplifiers. The circuit is shown to have zero
Q
-sensitivity to the resistors and capacitors and extremely low
Q
- sensitivity to the amplifiers.Other sensitivities of interest are also shown to be low. Practical realizations using one operational amplifier and additional resistors for each summing amplifier are given for bandpass, low-pass, high-pass, and notch filtering.