Synthesis of Active and Passive Compatible Impedances

This paper is concerned with the following problem: given two rational functions
Z_1(s)
and
Z_0(s)
, otherwise arbitrary but for which
R + Z_1(s)
has no zeros in the right-half plane,
Z_1(s)
is to be realized as the driving-point impedance of a lossless coupling two-port terminated in the impedance
Z_0(s)
. This problem had been previously considered and solved by Schoeffler and by Wohlers when
Z_1(s)
and
Z_0(s)
are positive real functions and the coupling network is reciprocal. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given here for realizability in the contemplated form when neither of the two impedances are necessarily positive real and when the coupling network may be reciprocal or nonreciprocal, but still lossless. A realization procedure is described and examples are given to illustrate the approach.