Sensitivity Analysis of Parasitic Effects in Resistance Terminated LC Two-Ports

Properties of classical sensitivity functions in resistance-terminated LC two-ports are examined and utilized to study the effects of element variations, incidental dissipation, and stray terminations on transmission characteristics. The results show that phase lag in such networks increases monotonically with the magnitude of any
L
or
C
as well as with frequency. Further, they enable the formulation of a number of bounds on errors in transmission characteristics induced by various parasitic phenomena, including the effects of nonuniformly distributed loss when inductors and capacitors have dissipation factors less than fixed constants
\bar{d}_L
. and
\bar{d}_C
, respectively. The bounds are invariant for all equivalent twoport realizations and demonstrate the limitations imposed on network sensitivity performance by design specifications.