A three-level broad-banded monolithic analog multiplier

A low-frequency describing function and distortion analysis of a three-level four-quadrant monolithic analog multiplier (mixer) is presented. Expressions are derived for both the conversion `gain' of the down-converted output signal and the amplitudes of the dominant output frequencies. The experimental results presented for a monolithic realization of the proposed mixer reveal its capability to process signals whose frequencies extend through the L-band (1575 MHz).