Real-Time Communication Model for IoT Systems

Internet of Things solutions typically involve interaction between sensors, actuators, the cloud, embedded systems and user applications. Often in such cases, there are time constraints specifying the maximum response time to a request. This time depends on the calculation time and transmission time. Existing Internet communication solutions do not ensure the implementation of transmissions in a way that guarantees meeting the set time constraints. This paper proposes a new model of Internet communication dedicated to real-time Internet of Things systems, which includes a communication protocol, as well as a transmission scheduling and routing method. The protocol takes into account information about transmission time constraints, which is used for packet scheduling by routers, allowing to increase quality of service. In addition, the proposed static routing mechanism makes it possible to parallelize transmissions if time constraints are still exceeded. Also presented are preliminary results of experiments showing to what extent the proposed methods allow improving the quality of service in real-time Internet of Things systems.