3-D Bayesian ultrasound breast image segmentation using the EM/MPM algorithm

In this paper, ultrasound breast image segmentation is improved by using the volumetric data available in neighboring slices. The new algorithm extends the EM/MPM framework to 3D by including pixels from neighboring frames in the Markov Random Field (MRF) clique. In addition, this paper describes a unique linear cost factor introduced in the optimization loop to compensate for the attenuation common to ultrasound images.