Bright-band modeling of air/space-borne microwave radars

In simulating the radar echo in the melting layer of stratiform rain, a melting snowflake is modeled as a spherical non-uniform mixture, prescribed as a stratified-sphere in that the fractional water content is given as a function of the radius of sphere. Combined with the melting layer model that depicts the melting fractions and fall velocities of hydrometeors, the radar profiles are produced and then compared with the measurements of TRMM PR and the dual-wavelength airborne radar.