Application of the numerical calibration to FEM

Rigorous solution of three-dimensional discontinuity problems plays an important role in the design of microwave structures. This paper develops a new numerical de-embedding algorithm. In this algorithm a short-open calibration (SOC) technique is combined with edge-based FEM to analyze the three-dimensional discontinuities with accurate extraction of circuit/network parameters pertinent to a discontinuity. Similar to the thru-reflection-line (TRL) calibration technique, such a SOC procedure is able to remove the potential errors or parasitic terms. It can conveniently extract network parameters of circuit discontinuities and make the iterative method for linear large-scale sparse matrix equations from FEM converge much faster. The typical 3-D microstrip discontinuities are analyzed.