Direct-write processes as enabling tools for novel antenna development

Significant research effort is regularly applied to the goal of reducing the size of radiofrequency antennas while maintaining the entire set of positive attributes of proven, but relatively large, antennas. Such parameters as frequency response (multiple or single), bandwidth, and complexity of the antenna-driver balun structures require iterative optimization. The direct-write processes now available enable the insertion of reactive-loading elements as integral parts of the antenna structure, especially into new conformal designs. These reactive-loading elements are used in conjunction with modern design techniques to achieve antenna devices that are reduced in size to as much as half that of traditional counterparts. The performances of the miniaturized antennas constructed by direct write methods are evaluated and compared to those of traditional antenna structures.