Time-domain finite-element simulation of three-dimensional scattering and radiation problems using perfectly matched layers

Perfectly matched layers (PMLs) (see Berenger, J., J. Comput. Phys., vol.244, no.2, p.185-200, 1994) are often used to implement absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs) in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finite-element frequency-domain (FEFD) simulations of open-region wave propagation problems. We develop a PML scheme for mesh truncation in the finite-element time-domain analysis of three-dimensional (3D) open-region electromagnetic scattering and radiation phenomena. The proposed algorithm can support nonconstant PML parameters within each element, which facilitates the efficient utilization of higher-order vector basis functions. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed PML algorithm is sufficiently accurate and constitutes a viable alternative to boundary integral-based schemes for mesh truncation of open-region scattering and radiation problems.